注釋

[1][5]劉永謀、張尋：《卡爾納普哲學思想的政治意涵》，《山東科技大學學報（社會科學版）》，2019年第2期。

[2][6][35][84]Cartwright N.; Cat J.; Fleck L.; Uebel E. T. and Neurath O., Philosophy Between Science and Politics, Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996, pp. 78, 1, 2, 182.

[3][8][19]Symons J. and Pombo O., Torres M. J. (eds), Otto Neurath and the Unity of Science, London, New York: Springer, 2011, pp. 2, 4, 13-30.

[4][10][91]M. W.瓦托夫斯基、岳長齡：《維也納學派和社會運動》，《哲學譯叢》，1985年第2期。

[7][11][14][16][18][24][28][38][41][51][56][57][60][63][64][67][68][76][82][83][87][88][89][90]Neurath O., Empiricism and Sociology, Neurath M. and Cohen S. R. (eds), Dordrecht Holland, Boston USA: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1973, pp. 43-44, 383-388, 423, 403, 100-103, 325, 325, 123-124, 130-131, 137, 422, 138, 403, 151, 424, 427, 138, 363, 45, 361, 350, 291, 382, 426.

[9]Wasserman J., Vienna B. and Vienna R., "the Struggle for Intellectual and Political Hegemony in Interwar Vienna, 1918-1938", Washington University in Saint Louis, May 2010, pp. 132-142.

[12]O.紐拉特、王玉北：《科學的世界觀：維也納小組——獻給石里克》，《哲學譯叢》，1994年第1期。

[13][17][20][22][29][31][32][33][71][74][75]Neurath O., Philosophical Papers 1913-1946, Dordracht, Holland: D. Reidel Publising Company, 1983, pp. 34-35, 30, 46, 55, 53-54, 58, 203-204, 242, 239, 56, 71.

[15][21][25][27][30][69][70][73][77]［奧］奧托·紐拉特：《社會科學基礎》，楊富斌、李志江譯，北京：華夏出版社，1999年，第30、110、4、25、117、47、44、119、60頁。

[23][26][37][44][45][46][47]Neurath O. (eds), Kaal H. (trans), Unified Science, Dordrecht, Boston, Lancaster, Tokyo: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1987; Neurath O., Unified Science and Psychology, 1932, pp. 3, 3, xix, 72, 75, 76, 93-94.

[34]Sarkar S. and Pfeifer J. (eds), The Philosophy of Science: An Encyclopedia, New York, London: Routledge, 2006, pp. 848-849.

[36]Carnap R. and Neurath O., etc, "International Encyclopedia of Unified Science", Science, New Series, Vol.86, No.2235, 1937, pp. 400-401.

[39]劉永謀：《“技術人員的蘇維埃”：凡勃倫技治主義思想述評》，《自然辯證法通訊》，2014年第1期。

[40][42][48][49][50][52][53][54][55][58][59][61][62][65][66][72]Neurath O., Economic Writings Selections 1904-1945, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2005, pp. 257, 361, 350, 347-348, 402, 367, 426, 406, 384, 358, 360, 539, 395, 301, 367, 536-537.

[43]劉永謀：《高能社會的科學運行：斯科特技術治理思想述評》，《科學技術哲學研究》，2019年第1期。

[78]Uebel E. T. (eds), Rediscovering the Forgotten Vienna Circle: Austrian Studies on Otto Neurath and the Vienna Circle, Dordrecht, Bosoton, London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991, p. 9.

[79]劉永謀：《技術治理、反治理與再治理：以智能治理為例》，《云南社會科學》，2019年第2期。

[80]T.于貝爾、殷杰：《早期邏輯經驗主義中的社會科學哲學——激進物理主義的情況》，《世界哲學》，2011年第5期。

[81]劉永謀：《論波普爾漸進的社會工程》，《科學技術哲學研究》，2017年第1期。

[85]Zilsel E., The Social Origins of Modern Science, Dordracht: Springer Science+Business Media, 2003, p. ix.

[86]Gruber H., Red Vienna: Experiment in Working-Class Culture, 1919-1934, New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991, pp. 4-7.

責 編／桂 琰

劉永謀，中國人民大學哲學院教授、博導。研究方向為科學技術哲學、科技與公共政策。主要著作有《福柯的主體解構之旅:從知識考古學到“人之死”》、《技術的反叛》、《行動中的密涅瓦——當代認知活動的權力之維》、《自主創新與建設創新型國家導論》（編著）等。

On Neurath's Thought of Technocracy

Liu Yongmou

Abstract: The Vienna School is not confined to the ivory tower, but actively participates in the progressive social practice, of which Neurath is the representative. As a technocrat, he not only put forward the theory of technological governance, but also actively provided relevant measures. From the perspective of technological governance, the scientific world outlook and unified science have laid the epistemological and methodological foundation for technological governance. The ultimate goal of Neurath's technocracy is to realize the transformation to the real economy and socialism, and the means of realization is socialization and complete socialization. Among the technological governance strategies discussed by Neurath, making plans, especially economic plans, is the most important. The emphasis on planning also determines the important position of engineers and social sciences in technological governance. Neurath is a representative of logical positivist technocrats. His thought of technocracy has distinctive characteristics different from other technocrats and is of great value to the construction of a new technological governance theory.

Keywords: Neurath, technological governance, technocracy, logical positivism